Passiflora edulis is a vine species of passion flower that is native to Paraguay, Brazil and northern Argentina (Corrientes and Misiones provinces, among others).Common names include Passion fruit (UK and US), Passionfruit (Australia and New Zealand), Granadilla (Germany, South Africa, where 'passion fruit' is also, but less frequently used, and South America, although in Costa Rica and Colombia, Granadilla is a completely different fruit), Grenadille, or Couzou (France), Pasiflora (Israel), Parchita (Venezuela), Parcha (Puerto Rico), Maracudja (French Guiana), Maracuja(Italy, Germany), Maracujá (Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Paraguay), Maracuyá (Peru, Colombia, Panama), Chinola (Dominican Republic), Lilikoi (Hawaiian), Magrandera Shona (Zimbabwe), Markisa(Indonesian), and Lạc tiên, Chanh dây or Chanh leo (Vietnamese). It is cultivated commercially in frost-free areas for its fruit and is widely grown in India, Sri Lanka, New Zealand, the Caribbean,Brazil, Colombia, Bolivia, Ecuador, Indonesia, Peru, California, Florida, Haiti, Hawaii, Argentina, Australia, East Africa, Mexico, Israel, Costa Rica, South Africa and Portugal (Azores and Madeira). The passion fruit is round to oval, either yellow or dark purple at maturity, with a soft to firm, juicy interior filled with numerous seeds. The fruit can be grown to be eaten or for its juice, which is often added to other fruit juices to enhance the aroma. The fruit shown are mature for juicing and culinary use. For eating right out of the fruit, the fruit should be allowed to wrinkle for a few days to raise the sugar levels and enhance the flavor.
The two types of passion fruit have clearly differing exterior appearances. The bright yellow variety of passion fruit, which is also known as the Golden Passion Fruit, can grow up to the size of agrapefruit, has a smooth, glossy, light and airy rind, and has been used as a rootstock for the Purple Passion Fruit in Australia. The dark purple passion fruit is smaller than a lemon, though it is less acidic than the yellow passion fruit, and has a richer aroma and flavor. In Colombia, the purple passion fruit is referred to as "gulupa", to distinguish it from the yellow maracuyá.
The purple varieties of the fruit have been found to contain traces of cyanogenic glycosides in the skin.
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